Andrew Carnegie A Captain Of Industry Free Essays

Numerous industrialists in the overlaid age were somewhere in between a looter aristocrat or a commander of industry. Of these industrialists was an amazingly achievement valuable agent Andrew Carnegie. Andrew could be contended on the two sides of the issue. We will compose a custom exposition test on Andrew Carnegie A Captain Of Industry or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now Carnegie formed his steel creation business to #1 on the planet, he sold it a ND utilized the cash towards numerous foundation associations. I accept that Andrew Carnegie e was a commander of industry since he committed his life to helping society with open exercises and gave in excess of 100 million dollars to schools, libraries, a d through a few different gifts. He formed industrialization as well as the United s tastes. Individuals accept that Andrew Carnegie was a burglar nobleman since he was conniving, narrow minded, and left laborers in deadly work environments with low wages . Andrew put his representatives in unsafe workplaces with not exactly safe gear NT. Wounds happened regularly in Carnegie;s business from detonating iron, flares, and slang. It was difficult for the laborers to be caution and prepared with just two or three hours of rest and a work SSH attack of twelve. Alongside the methods risky work conditions they needed to live off low compensation. Carnegie likewise double-crossed one of his nearest business companions Henry Fricke by three tatting him to sell his stock in the steel business for inexpensively. Many accept that Andrew Carnegie deceived his laborers as well as his companions. Albeit many will emphatically pundit Andrew Carnegie as a Robber Baron consider h to be perhaps the best chief Of industry. Carnegie utilized his â€Å"last days† serve Eng others by building libraries, schools, and giving gifts. â€Å"Carnegie gave endorse emulate 5$ million to the new York open library so it could open a few branches†. What's more, even opened up his own college so he could share his insight and achievement the unpleasant future entrepreneurs. Carnegie put his men through a lot of hardship so they c noisy have the #1 steel business on the planet that would before long sell for in excess of 200 plant Andrew Carnegie did what he needed to do with the goal that he could be fruitful in the overlaid age and lose himself in the administration of others. Carnegie completely changed himself for the beet blunder in his later years. He composed books on being socially liable for the well off and appreciated gathering with different experts from various fields. Carnegie may have lo deed like simply one more snotty,cocky entrepreneur however truly needed to help other people. A drew Carnegie was a chief of industry yet in addition a formed the industrialization by b Ewing a case of savvy work and powerful activities. Taking everything into account, Andrew Carnegie was a splendid businessperson who finished with the best steel plant on the planet. Despite the fact that he rewarded his representatives ineffectively he did it to be fruitful which worked. Carnegie went through the cash from his steel creation n to help other people be fruitful as well. Andrew Carnegie was commander Of industry and had any kind of effect in people groups lives to improve things. The most effective method to refer to Andrew Carnegie A Captain Of Industry, Essays

Prosopagnosias Affect on Daily Life Essay -- Psychology, Mental Healt

In Psychology, there are a wide scope of disarranges, all of which upset a person’s life at different levels. Accordingly, the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is utilized to determine an individual to have a specific issue and decide the degree to which the turmoil influences their capacity to work in the public eye. In any case, the DSM-IV doesn't address the entirety of the scatters that individuals can be bothered with. There are four tomahawks to the DSM-IV: pivot I which considers clinical scatters, hub II sees character issue, hub III analyses intense ailments, hub IV is psychosocial and ecological variables and hub V decides a person’s capacity to work in the public eye. Agnosia is one of the numerous disarranges that can't be grouped under the any of the tomahawks of the DSM-IV despite the fact that it is a cerebrum issue. A particular kind of agnosia that has as of late been vigorously spoken to in the media is prosopagnosia. Prosopagnosia is a strange issue as the etiology is obscure and there is a lot of fluctuation to the confusion by the person. As the degree wherein this issue influences the lives of individuals can't be resolved utilizing common strategies, to what degree does prosopagnosia influence a person’s life? Prosopagnosia is the logical name for what is regularly known as â€Å"face-blindness.† It is a neurological issue described by a person’s absence of capacity to perceive faces (â€Å"Prosopagnosia Information,† 2007). What makes an individual having prosopagnosia not quite the same as an individual who is only â€Å"bad with faces† is that, with prosopagnosia, a shortfall in face acknowledgment within the sight of generally typical article acknowledgment exists (Righart and Gelder, 2007). This implies an individual with prosopagnosia can't perceive... ...Prosopagnosia and PET Study of Normal Subjects [and Discussion]. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. (pp. 55-62). Vol. 335. Imperial Society. Shearer, D., and Peter M. (1996). Impact of Facial Familiarity and Task Requirement on Electrodermal Activity. The American Journal of Psychology (pp. 131-37). Vol. 109. College of Illinois. Reenactment of Talking Faces in the Human Brain Improves Auditory Speech Rocognition. (2008) Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (pp. 6747-6752). Ed. Dale Purves. Vol. 105. National Academy of Sciences. Melody, S. (2006). Do I Know You? Time. Weingarten, G. (2008). Losing Face. The Washington Post. Youthful, An., and Perrett, D. (1992). â€Å"Face Recognition Impairments [and Discussion].† Philisophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. (pp. 47-54) Vol. 335. Imperial Society.

Academic excellence guarantee successful life Essay

These days scholastic greatness among the youthful is given a lot of significance. While it is entirely worthy to endeavor to accomplish great scholastic outcomes, the thought that solitary scholarly greatness ensures an effective life isn't accurate. Understudies are constrained into taking a bigger number of subjects than they can deal with and this causes colossal weight among our young. The inquiry is would this be able to try totally affirm a powerful future? I differ that scholastic greatness ensure our fruitful life. This is on the grounds that without scholarly greatness, individuals despite everything can accomplishment in their life. With business likewise human can achievement. For instance Bill Gates is the main originator of Microsoft in working framework PC. With make of the Microsoft PC and sell it he can turn into an effective specialist. Other than that, individuals can accomplishment with through utilize their ability that they have. For instance, Dato’ Siti Nurhaliza our first vocalist in Malaysia become accomplishment with just utilize her ability without have scholastic greatness. From nothing, become well known and accomplishment as we probably am aware and see now. Other than as a vocalist, she likewise have own organization. She likewise be the represetative of magnificence item. At long last, somebody additionally can effective in existence without high instruction through family foundation. For instance somebody that conceived of riches families, that have own organization. Without greatness scholastic around this line of business can even now prevail as long as possible in great administration. Through family-claimed business additionally somebody despite everything can achievement in their life. By and large, not really without scholarly greatness an individual can’t achievement in their life. That has other way somebody can accomplishment without scholarly greatness, for example, through talent,business or with foundation family.

Passenger Satisfaction Survey free essay sample

Information focus was arrangement at IRITM in 2008. IRITM has a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with IIM Lucknow, for composing Research Papers, Case Studies and absorbing exploration discoveries into extensive occasional reports to be utilized for improving preparing inputs. This is the fourth distribution of the Center. The prior 3 distributions :1. Thoughts on PPP, Dr. Kalpana Dube, Sr. Prof. (Blade. PPP), IRITM Ashish Shukla 2. A Handbook on Project Finance PPP Terminology, Dr. Kalpana Dube, Sr. Prof. (Balance. PPP), IRITM Ankit Tandon 3. Contemplating the Efficacy of an Airport Modernization Concession Agreement, Dr. Kalpana Dube, Sr. Prof. (Blade. PPP), IRITM The above distributions have been generally welcomed by the Railways as well as even outside in the Government, Private Sector and Educational Institutions. Indian Railways is the existence line of the country. It has been instrumental in realizing a social, social and financial unrest in our general public and has been a solid joining together and incorporating power. We will compose a custom paper test on Traveler Satisfaction Survey or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Notwithstanding being an imposing business model in traveler administrations which are exceptionally sponsored, would it be able to bear to have a disappointed client? To keep the country moving and the clients cheerful, our net social help commitments in 2010-11 comprised 17. 57% of absolute use. Investigation of benefit of Coaching Services indicated lost 21,324 crores to which net rural misfortunes in Chennai, Kolkatta and Mumbai contributed Rs. 2364 crores. Different components have additionally quickened the circumstance which incorporate low below average conventional charges non rural suburbanites and concession in admission reached out to different classes. No other vehicle area today is offering rates which could contend with the Railways. Regardless of such a large amount of exertion in the event that we are as yet unfit to keep our Customer fulfilled there positively is by all accounts some correspondence hole among us and the Customer. So as to asses that hole IRITM led a â€Å"Passenger Satisfaction Survey† on the Northern, North Central and North Eastern Railway, the aftereffect of which are summed up in the distribution. We trust the outcomes would permit us the Railway staff to introspect about our â€Å"Customer Demand† and start us to give a superior assistance and be increasingly vocal in demonstrating our anxiety for keeping our Customer Happy. Ashima Singh Director IRITM Lucknow July 2012 FOREWORD Passenger Amenities and arrangement of certain basic just as alluring highlights on Railway stations just as ready train benefits consistently connect with the consideration of strategy creators in the Railway Board just as the Field Officers during the Zones and Divisions. The ground level situation at significant stations in the nation contrasts regarding extension just as its apparent convenience by the Railway Passengers. The current overview was intended to get an exhaustive criticism on 37 diverse help parameters identified with traveler comforts and station offices. While the target evaluation fields were promptly reacted to by most travelers the open finished inquiries didn't inspire itemized answers and were spur of the moment. The discernment hole between Passenger reactions and Railway Officers’ reactions additionally featured some fascinating contrasts. Enlightenment at Stations, Signage and Clarity of Train Announcements and Booking Counter experience have truly ideal reactions. The inadequacy regions which were generally provided details regarding were neatness on stages and train toilets, late running of trains just as unapproved individuals in compartments. What must be underscored here is that none of these territories really require capital use or ventures or rehashed approach mandates. They simply require vigilantism, dynamic oversight and better coordination among the specialist co-ops inside the different divisions. A standard convention of support, tidiness and management works should be worked upon simply like the different assistance related parameters put in activity at the recently created and modernized air terminals. (It would be ideal if you allude Annexure). This is a standard agenda of administration parameters demanded by Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL). A comparative drill would go far in guaranteeing better administrations on our top notch stations particularly A1, and A classifications. The booklet has been structured in such a way, that traveler reactions can be effectively comprehended through utilization of beautiful illustrations and straightforward information introduction, anyway the bigger inquiry which should be tended to is that would we be able to give station and on board housekeeping administrations which are distinct advantages and way breaking simultaneously? Which mirror a change in perspective in the manner in which Passenger Services are generally being offered by Indian Railways. Maybe the new Station Development Corporation declared as of late may acquaint far reaching developments with drastically modify the current arrangement of tending to Passenger Amenities and general comforts to be made accessible to people in general. The Station Development Corporation has been considered with the essential goal of expanding and improving traveler related courtesies at stations. All the issues featured in the present overview would maybe get tended to if optimizing the exercises of the Station Development office can show obvious early outcomes. The zones of activity being all around structured concourses, top of the line holding up spaces, simple access with handicapped amicable choices for station premises, blockage free stages, current providing food offices and so on. The Report has been made increasingly helpful by including altered forms of the exhaustive, container India Passenger Service Surveys and Station Cleanliness Surveys directed by the CAG (Railways) over the most recent couple of years. Moreover, some extra writing and visuals of world class stations have been added to give a vibe of what the future may resemble in the days to want Passenger Amenities and Services in Modernized Railway Stations. The Report has additionally been validated with distinguishing certain significant exhibition benchmarks, utilizing models from the Aviation Sector. Execution benchmarking and improving client discernment are significant achievements in improving station premises and traveler benefits past the ordinary focuses to the following level. A level which is way breaking and modern in its vision and execution. On the off chance that the agenda of the 37 parameters utilized in this examination just as the discoveries contained in the Audit Reports are perused and appreciated by the Railway officials answerable for these capacities, the reason for the review would be satisfied. Nonetheless, it might be valuable to repeat that station support methods must follow the KISNE standard I. e. Keep It Smart Neat and Efficient. Additionally while we can't offer too much for our clients we should guarantee that what we do guarantee we convey consistently with 100% productivity and Zero Failures. These are feasible in light of the fact that we have a long encounter of overseeing stations and methods are very much spread out. What is maybe required is a settled drill of holding fast to a standard convention of Station and Train Maintenance Practices and not permit the drill to waver in any event, for a day. A very much idea procedure, exactness in execution and applying Six Sigma standards for not going amiss from the Standard Maintenance and Supervision Protocol would go far building up a New Order which is anything but difficult to reproduce and simple to follow. Dr. Kalpana Dube Senior Professor IRITM Lucknow July 2012 The more you connect with clients the more clear things become and the simpler it is to figure out what you ought to do. Destinations of the Passenger Survey Criteria and Methodology Sample Size/Target Respondents Passenger Survey Findings Response by Railway Officers Suggestions for Proactive Action Comparison of General Public Railway Officers’ Response Perception Gap †Between the General Public as Rail Users and Railway Officers as Rail Users Graphical Representation of the Findings Strategy For Promoting Indian Railways Image And Train Travel Experience Some Suggestions Benchmarking Performance Assessment Measures Sub Report One: Sample Service Quality Specifications For Delhi International Airport Ltd. DIAL) Conceptual Background for Railway Stations as Profit Investment Centers Sub Report Two: CAG Recommendations on Passenger Services in Indian Railways 2008-09 Sub Report Three: CAG Recommendations on Cleanliness and Sanitation on Indian Railways 2007-08 Annexure 1: Citizen Charter on Passenger Services of Indian Railways Annexure 2: Questionnaire Used for the Passenger Satisfaction S urvey for IR Performance Service Standards Page No Traveler Satisfaction Survey Report and Benchmarking of Performance Standards Objectives of the Passenger Survey †¢ To audit the offices gave to the travelers directly from ticket booking to the on-board travel involvement with the trains To asses if offices gave in trains were satisfactory and successfully kept up or not, from the purpose of Passenger Satisfaction in Station Maintenance Practices. To know the need regions so that these can be fortified to advance traveler fulfillment. To asses the general travel understanding of the travelers in the Indian Railways and their view of the association. †¢ Criteria and Methodology An open finished poll with around 37 parameters was arranged and overview was led with the assistance of three field officials gave by the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Lucknow. The study was led over a time of ten days through direct contact and topping off of the survey by ready travelers of all the Travel Classes (AC, second Sleeper). The courses distinguished for the overview were primarily on the Northern piece of the nation Lucknow New Delhi Lu

LSD :: essays research papers

On October 27, 1906, a kid by the name of Albert Hofmann was born(Albert, 1). This kid would grow up to change the world until the end of time. His exploration would make of subcultures of both the 1970’s and 1990’s. His disclosures would cause both sadness and pleasure. His work in pharmacology brought the world one of the most alarming disclosures of the twentieth century, LSD Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â It was a dull day in July, 1938 when Swiss scientific expert, Albert Hofmann, first found Lysergic Acid Diethylamide(LSD). He was planning to find another circulatory and respiratory energizer, when he unearthed one of the world’s most appalling man-made substances; be that as it may, when this wonder was first tried it had no consequences for the lab creatures, thusly its investigation was ended. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â LSD’s study was restored in 1943, when research showed it might be utilized as treatment for schizophrenia, because of its likeness in structure to Nicatamide, a concoction found in the human mind, which legitimately influences the encounters of a Schizophrenic (DEA,1). On April 16, 1943, while Dr. Hofmann was estimating a new amount of LSD, he unintentionally dosed himself and was overwhelmed with disarray. He was then committed to go home due to “a vibe of mellow wooziness'; and “extreme movement of imagination.';(Discovery, 2) On April 19, 1943, at precisely 4:20 pm, Dr. Albert Hofmann ingested 0.25 mg. of fluid LSD and ventured on the primary deliberate “acid trip.'; Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â In 1947, Dr. Hofmann’s bosses, Sandoz Laboratories, started promoting LSD in Europe. It was brought into the United States a year later. They publicized it “as a solution for everything from schizophrenia to criminal conduct, ‘sexual perversions,’ and alcoholism.';(Henderson/Glass, 40) Sandoz Laboratories encouraged numerous specialists to try different things with LSD to increase further information on encounters which may happen to a Schizophrenic. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The impacts of LSD are totally eccentric. The client as a rule encounters wild emotional episodes and the impression of feeling various feelings without a moment's delay. Hues appear to be increasingly exceptional and objects seem to move in a nearly stroboscopic way. It has likewise been referred to for the client to feel as if they are seeing sounds and hearing hues. On the off chance that an enormous enough portion is taken, the medication may create perceptual fancies and mind flights.

The Last Day at Gymnasium Untergriesbach

The Last Day at Gymnasium Untergriesbach Scott Stephens 14, Materials Science and Engineering, MIT-GermanyGlobal Teaching Labs Program As I write this post, I am sitting in the teachers lounge trying to hold onto the comfort that I have grasped to since my first day at Gymnasium Untergriesbach. Surrounded by excellent teachers, excellent students, and a beautiful school, I have been smiling for three weeks straight. This morning was filled with gathering contact information from my colleagues, teaching my last lesson with a group of delightful high schoolers, and interviewing with a reporter from the newspaper of Passau. But now I find myself alone with my thoughts, reminiscing like an old crow looks back on the time that has flown by. On my first day here, I was more nervous than a CEO about to tell his staff that he had sold the company for a box of oranges. Three weeks later I feel that I am being kicked from the nest without being able to fly. I sit on the brink of the end of my time here at the Gymnasium, and there are a number of things that I will miss dearly. I guess I will just have to list them as the fol lowing: 1. I will miss the barrage of wide eyed stares I receive from the students who think I am an alien. 2. I will miss the amazing coffee machine that does everything from hot chocolate to a damn good latte macchiato. 3. I will miss the stunning beauty of the sun creeping over the steeple of the church as I arrive at school. 4. I will miss the crystal flakes of snow that fall lightly to coat the streets and towns like a silken blanket. 5. I will miss the warm Guten Morgen of the teachers as they stroll into the lounge. 6. I will miss the 5 hour super lectures on the biology of DNA and chemistry of petroleum. 7. I will miss the puzzled looks of the students and, even better, the horrified looks the victims I call to the board. 8. I will miss bright smiles of Mr. Brunner and his yellow turtlenecks that match his car. 9. I will miss my distillation experiments and lighting stuff on fire. 10. I will miss stories of Ms. Schoenbrunner (she has quite a few brilliant ones about police officers in the States) 11. I will miss the exchanges with Hanz (the Foodmiester), seeing pictures of his fishing trips, and his hearty handshakes. 12. I will miss the sizzling schnitzel semmel and flavorful Bavarian lunches. 13. I will miss watching American football with a true fan, Mr. Vogel 14. I will miss teaching swimming for my wonderful group of athletes 15. I will miss the people This last one, number 15, is possibly the most important thing I will miss. Its the people that you meet that make the wealth of life. Its this group of teachers and students that make Gymnasium Untergriesbach such an amazing place. Unmatched hospitality, charity, and understanding. Infinite patience and great humor. I will never be able to forget this community that has given me so much. The list from above goes on and on. I am just not able to remember it all and I dont really want to bore you (my readers) with the great things that will never be experienced the way I experienced them. I am so thankful to be in Gymnasium Untergriesbach, and this is the only day that I havent been able to smile through every minute because it is the bitter end of a remarkable journey. Although this is not the end of my trip in Germany, it feels like the end of a wonderful chapter of my life. Gymnasium Untergriesbach, I have one last thing to say before I leaveIn the words of the Governator Arnold S chwarzenegger, ILL BE BACK. And, of course, thanks to the MISTI Germany Program for making it all possible.

Market Share Essay Example For Free At Magic Help - Free Essay Example

The objective of this essay is to examine the current marketing strategy and marketing activities of one of the big 4 supermarkets in the United Kingdom with particular reference to the adverse effect produced by low cost competitors entering the market. For this purpose, Tesco has been selected. Tesco represents one of Britains largest and most profitable supermarket, which overtook ASDA in 1995 and continued to increase its market share through the years (Corporate Watch, 2004; Ruddick, 2015). In addition, Tesco was the first supermarket to (1) introduce value lines and cost effective price range of its own-label products and (2) present the first company loyalty card on the market (Corporate Watch, 2004). Therefore, it becomes plausible to suggest that the company is an excellent choice for a marketing strategy analysis in the current declining grocery retail environment of British brands. The structure of this essay is as follows: (1) a brief overview of Tescos generic marketing strategy, (2) an in-depth evaluation of the supermarkets existent marketing actions and tactics with the aid of the its marketing mix, (3) the impact of low cost competitors, (4) recommendations and suggestions for improvement, and (5) a summary of the main findings. The supermarkets broad market strategy can be categorised as market penetration and cost leadership. Firstly, market penetration has been defined by Ansoff (1957) to explain one of four business growth strategies. The strategy ref ers to involves attracting new customers, often achieved by gaining competitors customer base(s), in order to increase sales. Furthermore, Farris et al. (2010) identify two important metrics of market penetration penetration rate and penetration share. On the one hand, the penetration rate refers to the proportion of the relevant study population that has purchased the examined product category. On the other hand, the comparison between the brands customer shares with the markets overall customer population relates to penetration share. In relation to this, a key aspect in Tescos market strategy is attracting competitors customers (e.g. ASDA, Sainsbury, Morrisons), which is evidenced by its increased market penetration rate and share from 7.2% in 1971 to its peak in 2007 when Tesco accounted for 31.1% of the total UK grocery market share (Economics Help, 2014). In addition, according to data from March the current market share of Tesco is 28.7%, which positions the company as a mar ket share leader in the British groceries industry, however, this figure has decreased from the previous financial years (Kantar, 2015). Secondly, before the introduction of discount supermarkets, the company focused on cost leadership, which represents one of the three generic strategies devised by Porter (1980). Cost leadership relates to increasing ones market share through attracting price sensitive customers and implementing an effective price strategy that enables the company to offer the lowest cost product offerings. Tesco successfully managed to maintain cost leadership through three actions before supermarkets like Aldi and Lidl entered the British grocery retail market. These actions were as follow: (1) high utilisation of assets, meaning that large outputs are produced and the fixed costs are spread over high quantities allowing the company to manufacture single units at lower costs; (2) minimal direct and indirect costs in the production and distribution stages; and (3) strict control over the supply chain to ensure low costs (Gamble et al., 2010). Thus, the cost leadership strategy was an appropriate approach for Tesco, because it represents a large company that is able to take advantage of the economies of scale in the market. Nevertheless, presently the company is unsuccessful in maintaining its cost leadership due to the strong presence of budget supermarkets. The following part of the essay will specifically focus on the Marketing mix of Tesco product, place, price, promotion, which provides a better understanding of the companys present marketing strategy. Firstly, Tesco offers its target segments a wide range of high quality products at affordable prices. The balance between affordability and quality as well as Tescos Clubcard helped the company attain a relatively high level of competitive advantage (Winterman, 2013). Some of its various product categories consist of food, consumer electronics, financial services and clothing. This is in consistency with the findings from a study on customer perceived value, where four separate dimensions emerged explaining customer attitudes and behaviours emotional, social, quality and value for money (Sweeney and Soutar, 2001). Similarly, FernÃÆ' ¡ndez and Iniesta-Bonillo (2007) found that customers evaluate relevant benefits and costs involved in a purchase based on economic and cognitive reasoning. Secondly, the place element of the marketing mix refers to the distribution of products in locations where customers purchase products and services. In relation to this, Tesco emphasises product and service distribution in two main locations online and offline. On the one hand, the online sales channel is directly linked to Tescos website Tesco Direct, which suits the specific needs of the online shoppers presenting them with various delivery options (Tesco Direct, 2015). On the other hand, the offline channel of distribution involves four different store formats Tesc o Express, Tesco Metro, Tesco Compact and Tesco Superstore (Tesco Official website, 2015). Furthermore, Tescos initial pricing strategy can be characterised as price leadership, which represented an oligopolistic business behaviour, where there are a few companies that dominate the market and determine the price range (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). The reason behind this price strategy adoption was the intense competition and other economic and behavioural factors in the British households i.e. cost conscious buyers (Business CafÃÆ' ©, 2009). Nonetheless, the company is no longer a price leader, but its pricing approach is still based on the marketing message Every Little Helps. In addition, Tesco is able to implement this strategy and remain to influence the retail market to a certain extent, because it evaluates and utilises the lowest cost materials for supply to achieve higher efficiency rates in the production processes. Fourthly, Tescos promotion comprises of a wide ra nge of media advertisements, regular announcements of promotions and discounts, point-of-sale marketing tactics, and sponsorships. These marketing activities are aligned with the companys generic strategy of cost leadership and support Tescos price advantage through profit maximisation in the long run as well as enhance the value of the brand. Hence, Tescos marketing communications are integrated to enable the company to better coordinate its mission, vision, objectives and interactivity with customers. With the aid of information technology advances (Zabkar et al., 2015). Integrated Marketing Communications were also found to generate a synergy effect through the integration of marketing activities, which also tremendously influences customers through different channels of communications reinforcing the same message (Ewing et al. 2015) Tesco has successfully managed to build loyalty in its customer segments through its most effective customer loyalty mechanism the Tesco Clubcard ( Tesco Clubcard, 2015). In relation to this, Hallowell (1996) found a direct correlation between customer satisfaction, loyalty and company profitability. Likewise, Lee-Kelley et al. (2003) suggest that customer retention tools not only aim to increase the companys profitability, but also establish long term relationships between sellers and buyers, which are fundamental to customer loyalty and also result in decreased levels of price sensitivity. Tescos marketing strategy, which comprises of cost leadership and market penetration, has been increasingly impacted by the presence of the foreign grocery store chains Aldi and Lidl as well as food commodity prices and the outcome of this has been continuous price cuts by Tesco to meet the customer demand for low cost product offerings (Butler and Wood, 2014). Furthermore, the authors suggest that further intensification of the market dynamics is caused by the growth of high street convenience stores and the rise of discounters (e.g. Po undland and BM), which is directly correlated to the altered consumer behaviour habits during the recession. In addition, business analysis of the current grocery retail market conditions suggest that Aldi and Lidls combined market share will increase to 12%-15% by 2020 (Allison, 2015). Nevertheless, according to a press release by KPMG (2014), it will be difficult for discount brands to fully challenge and erode the market of the big four, because grocery retail chains like Tesco command the store network market penetration and their market shares have existed for nearly 10 years. In relation to Tescos marketing mix and the intense price competition and dynamics in the market, two main recommendations can be made for Tesco to regain its lost market ground increased customer retention and an optimisation of its supply chain management to successfully recover its price leadership status. Due to the current intense competitiveness in the retail and food industry and the emergence of competitively low cost foreign supermarket chains, Tesco should firstly focus on increased levels of customer retention through the incorporation of effective customer relationship management systems. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of customer satisfaction in relationship marketing and customer retention. Specifically, Hennig-Thurau and Klee (1998) conceptualise relationship quality which refers to the extent of appropriateness of a relationship to fulfil the needs and requirements of a customer with regards to the relationship. One way to do this is further integrate the Tesco Clubcard to present loyal customers with various financial product offerings besides current accounts, mortgages and home insurance (Tesco Clubcard Perks, 2015). This will form relationships based on two factors quality and value-for-money, which will translate into loyalty and protect the company from switching customers. In order to adequately target and foster loyalty in the right cu stomer base(s), Tesco should understand which customer satisfaction elements have the greatest impact, and the amount of investments required to improve particular customer satisfaction elements (Rust and Zahorik, 1993). The second recommendation for marketing strategy enhancement is directly related to Tescos supply chain management, which will enable the company to regain its lost market share through becoming a cost leader. Fearne (2009) suggests that in the current business context, companies must pursue a value chain as opposed to a supply chain, which represents a chain of activities performed, in order to deliver valuable products and services to customers. There are two elements that are emphasised in value chains: (1) focus on demand pull, which places customers first and everything else subordinate to their needs and (2) concentration on the formation of collaborative relationships with suppliers. According to the author, these two actions enable corporations and large organisations to achieve competitive edge and sustain it over time. For Tesco this would mean careful selection of suppliers and establishment of collaboration opportunities with these suppliers and stakeholders to increase the value added to the processes and/or production. For example, in Wales the company can form relationships with local farms to purchase the highest quality meat and, once supplier loyalty takes place, discount prices can be demanded from the meat producers in exchange for continuous bulk buying. This will allow Tesco to present its customers with quality local meat at low prices, which will positively influence its lost cost leadership presence in the market. To conclude, the present work established that Tescos generic marketing strategy is dual regular market penetration to attract competitions customers and cost leadership to retain price sensitive and cost conscious customers. In terms of its extended marketing mix, notable actions are: (1) offering a w ide range of product categories, from which groceries remain the most popular category, tremendously contributing to the Tescos market leadership position, (2) alignment of marketing messages, communication and relative pricing, (3) various marketing and advertising activities, but the integral one remaining the loyalty card, and (4) simplicity and convenience with regards to shopping alternatives and store design. Following the discussion of Tescos extended marketing mix, two areas for improvement were recommended an increased emphasis on customer retention and loyalty through novel customer relationship management mechanisms and the development of a supply chain that adds value to the manufacturing processes through collaborative relationships. It is important that Tesco understands its customers needs and suppliers requirements, because the competition in the grocery retail industry has never been more severe due to business environments being dictated by the customers and the s uppliers. In other words, market orientation is no longer dominated by supply push exchanges and transactions, but by devising marketing strategies and promotions based on customer research and feedback. References Allison, I. (2015), Aldi and Lidl to consume 4% more of Tesco, Morrison, Asda and Sainsburys marketshare by 2020, [Online], Available at: https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/aldi-lidl-consume-4-more-tesco-morrison-asda-sainsburys-marketshare-by-2020-1505572?bcsi_scan_F872AB84FAA8A40E=3KZ+wD5+BA0QaUGyNZBt2R7iyyFnAAAAAe/zaw== Ansoff, I. H. (1957), Strategies for diversification, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 35, No. 2, p. 113-124. Business CafÃÆ' © (2009), Tesco pricing strategy The big price drop, [Online], Available at: https://www.tutor2u.net/assets/cafe/1011-tescopricing.pdf Butler, S. and Wood, Z. (2014), UK grocery sales in decline for first time in 20 years, [Online], Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/18/uk-grocery-sales-decline-price-war-asda-sainsburys-morrisons-tesco Corporate Watch, (2004), Tesco: Overview, [Online], Available at: https://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/company-profiles/tesco-overview Economics Help (2014), UK Grocery Market Sh are, [Online], Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/6288/economics/uk-grocery-market-share/ Ewing, M., deBussy, N. and Ramaseshan, B. (2015), Integrated Marketing Communications: Conflicts of Interest, Politics and Performance, Proceedings of the 1998 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, pp. 265-272. Farris, P., Bendle, N., Pfeifer, P. and Reibstein, D. (2010), Marketing Metrics: The Definitive Guide to Measuring Marketing Performance. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Fearne, A. (2009), Sustainable Food and Wine Value Chain, Adelaide Thinker in Residence Report, [Online], Available at: https://www.thinkers.sa.gov.au/lib/pdf/Fearne_Final_ReportCopyforWeb.pdf FernÃÆ' ¡ndez, R. and Iniesta-Bonillo, M. (2007), The Concept of Perceived Value: A Systematic Review of the Research, Marketing Theory, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 427-451. Gamble, A., Thompson, Jr., A.J. Strickland III, John E. (2010). Crafting and executing strategy: the q uest for competitive advantage: concepts and cases (17th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Hallowell, R. (1996), The relationships of customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and profitability: an empirical study, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp.27 42 Hennig-Thurau, T. and Klee, A. (1998), The Impact of Customer Satisfaction and Relationship Quality on Customer Retention: A Critical Reassessment and Model Development, Psychology Marketing, Vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 737-764. Kantar (2015), Tesco posts strongest performance in 18 months, [Online], Available at: https://uk.kantar.com/consumer/shoppers/2015/march-kantar-worldpanel-uk-grocery-share/ KPMG (2014), The future of the grocery sector in the UK, [Online], Available at: https://www.kpmg.com/uk/en/issuesandinsights/articlespublications/newsreleases/pages/the-future-of-the-grocery-sector-in-the-uk.aspx Leeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?Kelley, L., Gilbert, D. and Mannicom, R. (2003), How eà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ ?CRM can enhance customer loyalty, Marketing Intelligence Planning, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp.239 248 Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2010), Principles of Marketing, 13ed, Oxford: Pearson Prentice Hall. Porter, Michael E. (1980). Competitive Strategy. Cambridge: Free Press. Ruddick, G. (2015), Tesco leads the way as supermarket sales turned on their head, [Online], Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/11460945/Tesco-leads-the-way-as-supermarket-sales-turned-on-their-head.html Rust, R. and Zahorik, A. (1993), Customer Satisfaction, Customer Retention and Market Share, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 193-215. Sweeney, J. and Soutar, G. (2001), Consumer Perceived Value: The Development of a Multi-item Scale, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 203-220. Tesco Clubcard (2015), [Online], Available at: https://www.tesco.com/clubcard/ Tesco Clubcard Perks (2015), [Online], Available at: https://www.tesco.com/clubcard/ financial-deals/ Tesco Direct, (2015), [Online], Available at: https://www.tesco.com/direct/click-and-collect/?icid=Floor%20Lamps_Click+Collect_186900029 Tesco Official website (2015), [Online], Available at: https://www.tesco.com/ Winterman, D. 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The Events Of World War II - 1285 Words

The Tenth’s triumphs in Italy were demonstrative of the value of specialized forces. Their success both was very influential in the events of World War II and in proving the value of specialized forces. Once the government saw how effective the focused training of this division was, they realized that a new era had begun. The Tenth Mountain Division started the period of special forces. The men in the division used their mountain climbing skills to formulate a brilliant plot to capture Riva Ridge and Mount Belvedere. One source recounts, â€Å"‘Over a series of patrols and weeks, they secretly scouted routes up the mountain,’ Townsend added. ‘They went up the sheer rock face of both mountains and set up rope installations and secretly†¦show more content†¦When the men of the Tenth returned to America, they were just as revolutionary there as they were on the battlefield. They shaped the future of not only war, but of recreation. These men started ski resorts, founded outdoor education initiatives, and did a lot for the outdoor industries of America. The men of the Tenth Mountain Division were essential in developing and revolutionizing the recreational ski industry in America. Bill Pennington states, â€Å"The 10th Mountain Division connections are everywhere in American skiing, whether it s at Vail Mountain, founded by Sgt. Pete Seibert, of the 10th Mountain Division, or in Vermont, home to the 10th Division veteran Cliff Taylor, the Pied Piper of the short-skis-for-beginners revolution more than 40 years ago† (28). The men of the Tenth Mountain Division came home to reinvent and revolutionize the ski industry in the United States. Former Tenth soldiers also started many outdoor initiatives to educate people about the outdoors and to protect and enjoy the beautiful American wilderness. In Brendan Leonard’s account, he states, â€Å"Soldiers and officers from the 10th Mountain Division returned home, many to the mountains. In the decades following, they pursued different paths, building ski resorts, outdoor education programs, shoe companies, and even the Sierra Club† (29). The Tenth Mountain division was quite impactful in the development of the

Democracy in Civil Disobedience, Slavery in...

The Oppression of Democracy Exposed in Civil Disobedience, Slavery in Massachusetts, Benito Cereno and Bartleby the Scrivener America has long been recognized as a democratic nation, a nation operating under the will of the people. The forefathers of America fought incessantly against British tyranny to start anew in a land of freedom and opportunity. Because America revived the ancient Greek ideology of democracy, the nation was set apart from the rest of the world and was revered for the freedom and justice it provided its people. However, not everyone thinks that American democracy means freedom and liberty. On the contrary, writers such as Henry David Thoreau in Civil Disobedience and Slavery in Massachusetts, along with†¦show more content†¦He feels that those who belong to a democracy are essentially machines controlled by the majority, lacking in ability to make choices for themselves. He then goes farther to compare the majority to slaves, saying, When the majority shall at length vote for the abolition of slavery, it will be because they are indifferent to slavery, or because there is but little slavery left to be abolished . . . . They will then be the only slaves (Thoreau 70). Thoreau repeatedly condemns the democratic system for its lack of morality and tendency to disempower the individual. In Slavery in Massachusetts, Thoreau offers an analogy that seems convincing, but proves to be inadequate. He argues that in a democracy, if the majority vote the devil to be God, the minority will live and behave accordingly, and obey the successful candidate, trusting that sometime or other . . . they may reinstate God (Thoreau 103). Thoreau clearly neglects the converse scenario. What if the minority votes the devil to be God and the majority live accordingly? Which is more just? These questions seem to be better addressed by a less outspoken writer, Herman Melville. In Benito Cereno, Melville presents several symbolic images of democracy. Amasa Delano, the

Review Of The Epic Of Gilgamesh - 1097 Words

N.K. Sandars, The Epic of Gilgamesh, is one of the most well-known stories in literature. Gilgamesh ruled the city of Uruk and one of the most advanced cities during the third millennium B.C. He orders his people to build the strongest walls by protecting them from dangerous attacks. In the Epic, he is described as physically strong, beautiful, and wise ruler of Mesopotamia. Yet, in the beginning, Gilgamesh was uncontrollable of his powers. His people can’t take it anymore and so they prayed to the gods. Anu hears them and sent out Enkidu, a wild man, who battles with Gilgamesh. But Enkidu losses and they later become best friends. Gilgamesh decides to go on a voyage and Enkidu disagrees with him and said that it was too dangerous. They†¦show more content†¦Also, shows strength because the journey was filled with difficult tasks, but manage to conquer them making Gilgamesh a true epic hero. Gilgamesh returns home empty handed, but the people of Uruk admire their kingà ¢â‚¬â„¢s accomplishments and the ethical code of the community was created. In the Epic, the audience can feel that no matter what lies ahead in their everyday lives experiencing pain is natural. The qualities that enable Gilgamesh success is bravery, superhuman strength, and honor. Throughout the story, Gilgamesh exhibits the skills of being a warrior and leader. In the prolog the gods created Gilgamesh as perfection, â€Å"Adad the god of the storm endowed him with courage, the great gods made his beauty perfect, surpassing all others† (Sandars 61). Also, it is said that Gilgamesh is, â€Å"one-third human and two-thirds God.† He is perceived as more than a man with unlimited powers. During the forest journey he has proven to become very courageous Gilgamesh said, â€Å"only the gods live forever †¦, but as for us men, our days are numbered, our occupations are a breath of wind† (71). Gilgamesh is describing that he wants to die with honor because the jou rney isn’t easy, it definitely takes a lot of courage for a man to get what he wants. Gilgamesh is also risking everything he got. During the defeat of Humbaba Gilgamesh reveals that you have to be brave and throw away fear (81). Yet, it all turn around when his good friend Enkidu dies. Gilgamesh has shown a lot of emotions since

Essay on Rhetorical Analysis of a Modest Proposal by...

Johnathan Swift wrote Modest Proposal with the idea to better humanity.. When you first read it you miss what the true message is. You think â€Å"Man this guy is a monster!† or â€Å"He’s sick!†, but once you reach the end the true meaning of the proposal hits you. When Jonathan Swift wrote a Modest Proposal he tried to get his audience to see the problem by taking it and providing an unethical and inhumane solution then using rhetorical devices to bring out people’s emotions. Of the many devices he used the one that brought out my emotions and that stuck out the most was his constant metaphor of comparing or â€Å"labeling† children as stock or the bodies as carcasses. He does this on multiple occasions throughout this proposal. On one occasion he†¦show more content†¦He then goes on to say that his solution to this problem â€Å"†¦will prevent those voluntary abortions, and that horrid practice of women murdering their bastard chil dren, alas! Too frequent among us! 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Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 3~4 Free Essays

string(50) " grinning back at Nate as he headed out into sun\." CHAPTER THREE A Little Razor Wire Around Heaven The gate to the Papa Lani compound was hanging open when Nate drove up. Not good. Clay was adamant about their always replacing the big Masterlock on the gate when they left the compound. We will write a custom essay sample on Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 3~4 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Papa Lani was a group of wood-frame buildings on two acres northeast of Lahaina in the middle of a half dozen sugarcane fields that had been donated to Maui Whale by a wealthy woman Clay and Nate affectionately referred to as the â€Å"Old Broad.† The property consisted of six small bungalows that had once been used to board plantation workers but had long since been converted to housing, laboratory, and office space for Clay, Nate, and any assistants, researchers, or film crews who might be working with them for the season. Getting the compound had been a godsend for Maui Whale, given the cost of housing and storage in Lahaina. Clay had named the compound Papa Lani (Hawaiian for â€Å"heaven†) in honor of their good fortune, but someone had left the gate to heaven open, and from what Nate could tell as he drove in, the angel shit had hit the fan. Before he even got out of the truck, Nate saw a beat-up green BMW parked in the compound and a trail of papers leading out of the building they used for an office. He snatched a few of them up as he ran across the sand driveway and up the steps into the little bungalow. Inside was chaos: drawers torn out of filing cabinets, toppled racks of cassette tape – the tapes strewn across the room in great streamers – computers overturned, the sides of their cases open, trailing wires. Nate stood among the mess, not really knowing what to do or even what to look at, feeling violated and on the verge of throwing up. Even if nothing was missing, a lifetime of research had been typhooned around the room. â€Å"Oh, Jah’s sweet mercy,† came a voice from behind him. â€Å"This a bit of fuckery most heinous for sure, mon.† Nate spun and dropped into a martial-arts stance, notwithstanding the fact that he didn’t know any martial arts and that he had loosed a little-girl shriek in the process. The serpent-haired figure of a gorgon was silhouetted in the doorway, and Nate would have screamed again if the figure hadn’t stepped into the light, revealing a lean, bare-chested teenager in surfer shorts and flip-flops, sporting a giant tangle of blond dreadlocks and about six hundred nose rings. â€Å"Cool head main ting, brah, cool head,† the kid almost sang. There was pot and steel drums in his voice, bemusement and youth and two joints’ worth of separation from the rest of reality. Nate went from fear to confusion in an instant. â€Å"What the fuck are you talking about?† â€Å"Relax, brah, no make li’dat. Kona and I come help out.† Nate thought he might feel better if he strangled this kid – just a little frustration strangle to vent some of the shock of the wrecked lab, not a full choke – but instead he said, â€Å"Who are you, and what are you doing here?† â€Å"Kona,† the kid said. â€Å"Dat boss name Clay hire me for the boats dat day before.† â€Å"You’re the kid Clay hired to work with us on the boats?† â€Å"Shoots, mon, I just said that? What, you a ninja, brah?† The kid nodded, his dreads sweeping around his shoulders, and Nate was about to scream at him again when he realized that he was still crouched into his pseudo combat stance and probably looked like a total loon. He stood up, shrugged, then pretended to stretch his neck and roll his head in a cocky way he’d seen boxers do, as if he had just disarmed a very dangerous enemy or something. â€Å"You were supposed to meet Clay down at the dock an hour ago.† â€Å"Some rippin’ sets North Shore, they be callin’ to me this morning.† The kid shrugged. What could he do? Rippin’ sets had called to him. Nate squinted at the surfer, realizing that the kid was speaking some mix of Rasta talk, pidgin, surfspeak and†¦ well, bullshit. â€Å"Stop talking that way, or you’re fired right now.† â€Å"So you ichiban big whale kahuna, like Clay say, hey?† â€Å"Yeah,† Nate said. â€Å"I’m the number-one whale kahuna. You’re fired.† â€Å"Bummah, mon,† The kid said. He shrugged again, turned, and started out the door. â€Å"Jah’s love to ye, brah. Cool runnings,† he sang over his shoulder. â€Å"Wait,† Nate said. The kid spun around, his dreads enveloping his face like a furry octopus attacking a crab. He sputtered a dreadlock out of his mouth and was about to speak. Quinn held up a finger to signal silence. â€Å"Not a word of pidgin, Hawaiian, or Rasta talk, or you’re done.† â€Å"Okay.† The kid waited. Quinn composed himself and looked around at the mess, then at the kid. â€Å"There are papers strewn around all over outside, hanging in the fences, in the bushes. I need you to gather them up and stack them as neatly as you can. Bring them here. Can you do that?† The kid nodded. â€Å"Excellent. I’m Nathan Quinn.† Nate extended his hand to shake. The kid moved across the room and caught Nate’s hand in a powerful grip. The scientist almost winced but instead returned the pressure and tried to smile. â€Å"Pelekekona,† said the kid. â€Å"Call me Kona.† â€Å"Welcome aboard, Kona.† The kid looked around now, looking as if by giving his name he had relinquished some of his power and was suddenly weak, despite the muscles that rippled across his chest and abdomen. â€Å"Who did this?† â€Å"No idea.† Nate picked up a cassette tape that had been pulled out of the spools and wadded into a bird’s nest of brown plastic. â€Å"You go get those papers. I’m going to call the police. That a problem?† Kona shook his head. â€Å"Why would it be?† â€Å"No reason. Grab those papers now. Nothing is trash until I look at it, eh?† â€Å"Overstood, brah,† Kona said, grinning back at Nate as he headed out into sun. You read "Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 3~4" in category "Essay examples" Once outside, he turned and called, â€Å"Hey, Kahuna Quinn.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"How come them humpies sing like dat?† â€Å"What do you think?† Nate asked, and in the asking there was hope. Despite the fact that the kid was young and irritating and probably stoned, the biologist truly hoped that Kona – unburdened by too much knowledge – would give him the answer. He didn’t care where it came from or how it came (and it would still have to be proved); he just wanted to know, which is what set him apart from the hacks, the wannabes, the backstabbers, and the ego jockeys in the field. Nate just wanted to know. â€Å"I think they trying to shout down Babylon, maybe.† â€Å"You’ll have to explain to me what that means.† â€Å"We fix this fuckery, then we fire up a spliff and think over it, brah.† Five hours later Clay came through the door talking. â€Å"We got some amazing stuff today, Nate. Some of the best cow/calf stuff I’ve ever shot.† Clay was still so excited he almost skipped into the room. â€Å"Okay,† Nate said with a zombielike lack of enthusiasm. He sat in front of his patched-together computer at one of the desks. The office was mostly put back in order, but the open computer case sitting on the desk with wires spread out to a diaspora of refugee drive units told a tale of data gone wild. â€Å"Someone broke in. Tore apart the office.† Clay didn’t want to be concerned. He had great videotape to edit. Suddenly, looking at the fans and wires, it occurred to him that someone might have broken his editing setup. He whirled around to see his forty-two-inch flat-panel monitor leaning against the wall, a long diagonal crack bisected the glass. â€Å"Oh,† he said. â€Å"Oh, jeez.† Amy walked in smiling, â€Å"Nate you won’t believe the – † She pulled up, saw Clay staring at his broken monitor, the computer scattered over Nate’s desk, files stacked here and there where they shouldn’t be. â€Å"Oh,† she said. â€Å"Someone broke in,† Clay said forlornly. She put her hand on Clay’s shoulder. â€Å"Today? In broad daylight?† Nate swiveled around in his chair. â€Å"They went through our living quarters, too. The police have already been here.† He saw Clay staring at his monitor. â€Å"Oh, and that. Sorry, Clay.† â€Å"You guys have insurance, right?† Amy said. Clay didn’t look away from his broken monitor. â€Å"Dr. Quinn, did you pay the insurance?† Clay called Nate  «doctor » only when he wanted to remind him of just how official and absolutely professional they really ought to be. â€Å"Last week. Went out with the boat insurance.† â€Å"Well, then, we’re okay,† Amy said, jostling Clay, squeezing his shoulder, punching his arm, pinching his butt. â€Å"We can order a new monitor tonight, ya big palooka.† she chirped, looking like a goth version of the bluebird of happiness. â€Å"Hey!† Clay grinned, â€Å"Yeah, we’re okay.† He turned to Nate, smiling. â€Å"Anything else broken? Anything missing?† Nate pointed to the wastebasket where a virtual haystack of audiotape was spilling over in tangles. â€Å"That was spread all over the compound along with all the files. We lost most of the tape, going back two years.† Amy stopped being cheerful and looked appropriately concerned. â€Å"What about the digitals?† She elbowed Clay, who was still grinning, and he joined her in gravity. They frowned. (Nate recorded all the audio on analog tape, then transferred it to the computer for analysis. Theoretically, there should be digital copies of everything.) â€Å"These hard drives have been erased. I can’t pull up anything from them.† Nate took a deep breath, sighed, then spun back around in his chair and let his forehead fall against the desk with a thud that shook the whole bungalow. Amy and Clay winced. There were a lot of screws on that desk. Clay said, â€Å"Well, it couldn’t have been that bad, Nate. You got it all cleaned up pretty quickly.† â€Å"The guy you hired showed up late and helped me.† Nate was speaking into the desk, his face right where it had landed. â€Å"Kona? Where is he?† â€Å"I sent him to the lab. I had some film I want to see right away.† â€Å"I knew he wouldn’t stand us up on his first day.† â€Å"Clay, I need to talk to you. Amy, could you excuse us a minute, please?† â€Å"Sure,† Amy said. â€Å"I’ll go see if anything’s missing from my cabin.† She left. Clay said, â€Å"You going to look up? Or should I get down on the floor so I can see your face?† â€Å"Could you grab the first-aid kit while we talk?† â€Å"Screws embedded in your forehead?† â€Å"Feels like four, maybe five.† â€Å"They’re small, though, those little drive-mount screws.† â€Å"Clay, you’re always trying to cheer me up.† â€Å"It’s who I am,† Clay said. CHAPTER FOUR Whale Men of Maui Who Clay was, was a guy who liked things – liked people, liked animals, liked cars, liked boats – who had an almost supernatural ability to spot the likability in almost anyone or anything. When he walked down the streets of Lahaina, he would nod and say hello to sunburned tourist couples in matching aloha wear (people generally considered to be a waste of humanity by most locals), but by the same token he would trade a backhanded hang-loose shaka (thumb and fingers extended, three middle fingers tucked, always backhand if you’re a local) with a crash of native bruddahs in the parking lot of the ABC Store and get no scowls or pidgin curses, as would most haoles. People could sense that Clay liked them, as could animals, which was probably why Clay was still alive. Twenty-five years in the water with hunters and giants, and the worst he’d come out of it was to get a close tail-wash from a southern right whale that tumbled him like a cartoon into the idl ing prop of a Zodiac. (Oh, there were the two times he was drowned and the hypothermia, but that stuff wasn’t caused by the animals; that was the sea, and she’ll kill you whether you liked her or not, which Clay did.) Doing what he wanted to do and his boundless affinity for everything made Clay Demodocus a happy guy, but he was also shrewd enough not to be too open about his happiness. Animals might put up with that smiley shit, but people will eventually kill you for it. â€Å"How’s the new kid?† Clay said, trying to distract from the iodine he was applying to Nate’s forehead while simultaneously calculating the time to ship his new monitor over to Maui from the discount house in Seattle. Clay liked gadgets. â€Å"He’s a criminal,† Nate said. â€Å"He’ll come around. He’s a water guy.† For Clay this said it all. You were a water guy or you weren’t. If you weren’t†¦ well, you were pretty much useless, weren’t you? â€Å"He was an hour late, and he showed up in the wrong place.† â€Å"He’s a native. He’ll help us deal with the whale cops.† â€Å"He’s not a native, he’s blond, Clay. He’s more of a haole than you are, for Christ’s sake.† â€Å"He’ll come around. I was right about Amy, wasn’t I?† Clay said. He liked the new kid, Kona, despite the employment interview, which had gone like this: Clay sat with the forty-two-inch monitor at his back, his world-famous photographs of whales and pinnipeds playing in a slide show behind him. Since he was conducting a job interview, he had put on his very best $5.99 ABC Store flip-flops. Kona stood in the middle of the office wearing sunglasses, his baggies, and, since he was applying for a job, a red-dirt-dyed shirt. â€Å"Your application says that your name is Pelke – ah, Pelekekona Ke – † Clay threw his hands up in surrender. â€Å"I be called Pelekekona Keohokalole – da warrior kine – Lion of Zion, brah.† â€Å"Can I call you Pele?† â€Å"Kona,† Kona said. â€Å"It says on your driver’s license that your name is Preston Applebaum and you’re from New Jersey.† â€Å"I be one hundred percent Hawaiian. Kona the best boat hand in the Island, yeah. I figga I be number-one good man for to keep track haole science boss’s isms and skisms while he out oppressing the native bruddahs and stealing our land and the best wahines. Sovereignty now, but after a bruddah make his rent, don’t you know?† Clay grinned at the blond kid. â€Å"You’re just a mess, aren’t you?† Kona lost his Rastafarian, laid-backness. â€Å"Look, I was born here when my parents were on vacation. I really am Hawaiian, kinda, and I really need this job. I’m going to lose my place to live if I don’t make some money this week. I can’t live on the beach in Paia again. All my shit got stolen last time.† â€Å"It says here that you last worked as a forensic calligrapher. What’s that, handwriting analysis?† â€Å"Uh, no, actually, it was a business I started where I would write people’s suicide notes for them.† Not a hint of pidgin in his speech, not a skankin’ smidgen of reggae. â€Å"It didn’t do that well. No one wants to kill himself in Hawaii. I think if I’d started it back in New Jersey, or maybe Portland, it would have gone over really well. You know business: location, location, location.† â€Å"I thought that was real estate.† Clay actually felt a twinge of missed opportunity, here, for although he had spent his life having adventures, doing exactly what he wanted to do, and although he often felt like the dumbest guy in the room (because he’d surrounded himself with scientists), now, talking to Kona, he realized that he had never realized his full potential as a self-deluded blockhead. Ahhh†¦ wistful regrets. Clay liked this kid. â€Å"Look, I’m a water guy,† Kona said. â€Å"I know boats, I know tides, I know waves, I love the ocean.† â€Å"You afraid of it?† Clay asked. â€Å"Terrified.† â€Å"Good. Meet me at the dock tomorrow morning at eight-thirty.† Now Nate rubbed at the crisscrrossed band-aids on his forehead as Clay went through the Pelican cases of camera equipment under the table across the room. The break-in and subsequent shit storm of activity had sidetracked him from what he’d seen this morning. It started to settle on him again like a black cloud of self-doubt, and he wondered whether he should even mention what he saw to Clay. In the world of behavioral biology, nothing existed until it was published. It didn’t matter how much you knew – it wasn’t real if it didn’t appear in a scientific journal. But when it came to day-to-day life, publication was secondary. If he told Clay what he’d seen, it would suddenly become real. As with his attraction for Amy and the realization that years’ worth of research was gone, he wasn’t sure he wanted it to be real. â€Å"So why did you need to send Amy out?† Clay asked. â€Å"Clay, I don’t see things I don’t see, right? I mean, in all the time we’ve worked together, I haven’t called something before the data backed it up, right?† Clay looked up from his inventory to see the expression of consternation on his friend’s face. â€Å"Look, Nate, if the kid bothers you that much, we can find someone else –  » â€Å"It’s not the kid.† Nate seemed to be weighing what he was going to say, not sure if he should say it, then blurted out, â€Å"Clay, I think I saw writing on the tail flukes of that singer this morning.† â€Å"What, like a pattern of scars that look like letters? I’ve seen that. I have a dolphin shot that shows tooth rakings on the animal’s side that appear to spell out the word ‘zap.  » â€Å"No it was different. Not scars. It said, ‘Bite me. â€Å" â€Å"Uh-huh,† Clay said, trying not to make it sound as if he thought his friend was nuts. â€Å"Well, this break-in, Nate, it’s shaken us all up.† â€Å"This was before that. Oh, I don’t know. Look, I think it’s on the film I shot. That’s why I came in to take the film to the lab. Then I found this mess, so I sent the kid to the lab with my truck, even though I’m pretty sure he’s a criminal. Let’s table it until he gets back with the film, okay?† Nate turned and stared at the deskful of wires and parts, as if he’d quickly floated off into his own thoughts. Clay nodded. He’d spent whole days in the same twenty-three-foot boat with the lanky scientist, and nothing more had passed between the two than the exchange of â€Å"Sandwich?† â€Å"Thanks.† When Nate was ready to tell him more, he would. In the meantime he would not press. You don’t hurry a thinker, and you don’t talk to him when he’s thinking. It’s just inconsiderate. â€Å"What are you thinking?† Clay asked. Okay, he could be inconsiderate sometimes. His giant monitor was broken, and he was traumatized. â€Å"I’m thinking that we’re going to have to start over on a lot of these studies. Every piece of magnetic media in this place has been scrambled, but as far as I can tell, nothing is missing. Why would someone do that, Clay?† â€Å"Kids,† Clay said, inspecting a Nikon lens for damage. â€Å"None of my stuff is missing, and except for the monitor it seems okay.† â€Å"Right, your stuff.† â€Å"Yeah, my stuff.† â€Å"Your stuff is worth hundreds of thousands of dollars, Clay. Why wouldn’t kids take your stuff? No one doesn’t know that Nikon equipment is expensive, and no one on the island doesn’t know that underwater housings are expensive, so who would just destroy the tapes and disks and leave everything?† Clay put down the lens and stood up. â€Å"Wrong question.† â€Å"How is that the wrong question?† â€Å"The question is, who could possibly care about our research other than us, the Old Broad, and a dozen or so biologists and whale huggers in the entire world? Face it, Nate, no one gives a damn about singing whales. There’s no motive. The question is, who cares?† Nate slumped in his chair. Clay was right. No one did care. People, the world, cared about the numbers of whales, so the survey guys, the whale counters, they actually collected data that people cared about. Why? Because if you knew how many whales you had, you knew how many you could or could not kill. People loved and understood and thought they could prove points and make money with the numbers. Behavior†¦ well, behavior was squishy stuff used to entertain fourth-graders on Cable in the Classroom. â€Å"We were really close, Clay,† Nate said. â€Å"There’s something in the song that we’re missing. But without the tapes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Clay shrugged. â€Å"You heard one song, you heard ’em all.† Which was also true. All the males sang the same song each season. The song might change from season to season, or even evolve through the season somewhat, but in any given population of humpbacks, they were all singing the same tune. No one had figured out exactly why. â€Å"We’ll get new samples.† â€Å"I’d already cleaned up the spectrographs, filtered them, analyzed them. It was all on the hard disks. That work was for specific samples.† â€Å"We’ll do it again, Nate. We have time. No one is waiting. No one cares.† â€Å"You don’t have to keep saying that.† â€Å"Well, it’s starting to bother me, too, now,† Clay said. â€Å"Who in the hell cares whether you figure out what’s going on with humpback song?† A kicked-off flip-flop flew into the room followed by the singsong Rastafarian-bruddah pomp of Kona returning, â€Å"Irie, Clay, me dready. I be bringing films and herb for the evening to welcome to Jah’s mercy, mon. Peace.† Kona stood there, an envelope of negatives and contact sheet in one hand, a film can held high above his head in the other. He was looking up to it as if it held the elixir of life. â€Å"You have any idea what he said?† Nate asked. He quickly crossed the room and snatched the negatives away from Kona. â€Å"I think it’s from the ‘Jabberwocky, † Clay replied. â€Å"You gave him cash to get the film processed? You can’t give him cash.† â€Å"And this lonely stash can to fill with the sacred herb,† Kona said. â€Å"I’ll find me papers, and we can take the ship home to Zion, mon.† â€Å"You can’t give him money and an empty film can, Nate. He sees it as a religious duty to fill it up.† Nate had pulled the contact sheet out of the envelope and was examining it with a loupe. He checked it twice, counting each frame, checking the registry numbers along the edge. Frame twenty-six wasn’t there. He held the plastic page of negatives up to the light, looked through the images twice and the registry numbers on the edges three times before he threw them down, checked the earlier frames that Amy had shot of the whale tail, then crossed the room and grabbed Kona by the shoulders. â€Å"Where’s frame twenty-six, goddamn it? What did you do with it?† â€Å"This just like I get it, mon. I didn’t do nothing.† â€Å"He’s a criminal, Clay,† Nate said. Then he grabbed the phone and called the lab. All they could tell him was that the film had been processed normally and picked up from the bin in front. A machine cut the negatives before they went into the sleeves – perhaps it had snipped off the frame. They’d be happy to give Nate a fresh roll of film for his trouble. Two hours later Nate sat at the desk, holding a pen and looking at a sheet of paper. Just looking at it. The room was dark except for the desk lamp, which reached out just far enough to leave darkness in all the corners where the unknown could hide. There was a nightstand, the desk, the chair, and a single bed with a trunk set at its end, a blanket on top as a cushion. Nathan Quinn was a tall man, and his feet hung off the end of the bed. He found that if he removed the supporting trunk, he dreamed of foundering in blue-water ocean and woke up gasping. The trunk was full of books, journals, and blankets, none of which had ever been removed since he’d shipped them to the island nine years ago. A centipede the size of a Pontiac had once lived in the bottom-right corner of the trunk but had long since moved on once he realized that no one was ever going to bother him, so he could stand up on his hind hundred feet, hiss like a pissed cat, and deliver a deadly bite to a naked foot. There was a small television, a clock radio, a small kitchenette with two burners and a microwave, two full bookshelves under the window that looked out onto the compound, and a yellowed print of two of Gauguin’s Tahitian girls between the windows over the bed. At one time, before the plantations had been automated, ten people probably slept in this room. In grad school at UC Santa Cruz, Nathan Quinn had lived in quarters about this same size. Progress. The paper on Nate’s desk was empty, the bottle of Myers’s Dark Rum beside it half empty. The door and windows were open, and Nate could hear the warm trades rattling the fronds of two tall coconut palms out front. There was a tap on the door, and Nate looked up to see Amy silhouetted in the doorway. She stepped into the light. â€Å"Nathan, can I come in?† She was wearing a T-shirt dress that hit her about midthigh. Nate put his hand over the paper, embarrassed that there was nothing written on it. â€Å"I was just trying to put a plan together for – † He looked past the paper to the bottle, then back at Amy. â€Å"Do you want a drink?† He picked up the bottle, looked around for a glass, then just held the bottle out to her. Amy shook her head. â€Å"Are you all right?† â€Å"I started this work when I was your age. I don’t know if I have the energy to start it all over again.† â€Å"It’s a lot of work. I’m really sorry this happened.† â€Å"Why? You didn’t do it. I was close, Amy. There’s something that I’ve been missing, but I was close.† â€Å"It will still be there. You know, we have the field notes from the last couple of years. I’ll help you put as much of it back together as I can.† â€Å"I know you will, but Clay’s right. Nobody cares. I should have gone into biochemistry or become an ecowarrior or something.† â€Å"I care.† Nate looked at her feet to avoid looking her in the eye. â€Å"I know you do. But without the recordings†¦ well – then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He shrugged and took a sip from the rum bottle. â€Å"You can’t drink, you know,† he said, now the professor, now the Ph.D., now the head researcher. â€Å"You can’t do anything or have anything in your life that gets in the way of researching whales.† â€Å"Okay,† Amy said. â€Å"I just wanted to see if you were okay.† â€Å"Yeah, I’m okay.† â€Å"We’ll get started putting it back together tomorrow. Good night, Nate.† She backed out the door. â€Å"Night, Amy.† Nate noticed that she wasn’t wearing anything under the T-shirt dress and felt sleazy for it. He turned his attention back to his blank piece of paper, and before he could figure out why, he wrote BITE ME in big block letters and underlined it so hard that he ripped the page. How to cite Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 3~4, Essay examples

Reeling In Catch 22 Essay Example For Students

Reeling In Catch 22 Essay Since the dawn of literature and drama, comedyand tragedy have always been partitioned into separate genres. Certainly mosttragedies had comedic moments, and even the zaniest comedies were at timesserious. However, even the development of said tragicomedies left the divisionmore or less intact. Integrating a total comedy and a total tragedy into aholistic union that not only preserved both features, but also blended them intoa new and harmonious entity remained elusive. That is, until Catch-22. Using hisunique style and structure, Joseph Heller masterfully manages to interlay humorand terror, comedy and tragedy, and reveals in the process the perversions ofthe human character and of society gone mad. The first stroke of Hellers defttouch is his presentation of outrageous characters, acting outrageously. Fromthe first chapter, we are presented with a slew of unbelievable characters whoseactions and ideologies are uproariously funny, and horrifically disturbing. Infact, the manner in w hich the reader recognizes the characters dual nature willserve as the first example of Hellers amalgamation of comedy and tragedy. Dunbars theory of life is first received with a burst of laughter from theaudience. Life is short, and Dunbar wishes to extend it as much as possible. Iftime flies when one is having fun, then conversely, time must slow when one isbored. Dunbar endeavors to make his life as boring as possible, thus increasingthe length of its passing. Indeed, it is understandable why such an attitudeshould elicit a laugh, but the further implications are horrific. Societysemphasis on life over meaning comes as a shocking revelation to the audience. Heller further reinforces that idea with characters such as Doc Daneeka, whovalues self-preservation and money over responsibility and friendship, and Milowho values self-improvement and fortune over the lives of thousands of others. The motif that follows gives us characters that are, above all else, moreinterested in self (Cathcart, Mrs. Daneeka, Duckett, the Old Man, Peckem, etc.). Though they are initially humorous, their nature is ultimately revealed to befalse and horrific, arousing disgust and pity, a brilliant combination of comedyand tragedy. The perversion of society is revealed further in a second majortype of character, the deluded. Though most serve largely as foils to Yossarianand his philosophy, much can still be made of their condition. Clevinger isperhaps the best example of a deluded character. His debate with Yossarianserves as an insightful evaluation of their psyche. He argues that, althougheveryone is trying to kill him, everyone is not trying to kill him. The humor ofthe debate cannot be denied, but horror and tragedy are equally present. Thedebate leaves the audience struggling to decide who is crazy. Clevinger fallsinto an obvious contradiction, but his argument still strikes as common sense. In face of Yossarians triumphant What difference does that make?the audience is left not only with the realization of its speciousness, but ofthe realization that they believed it. The terror evoked by the deluded liesmainly in that the audience is equally deluded. Perhaps Clevinger, Appleby, andHavermeyer are fighting for what they have been told was theircountry and perhaps so has the audience. The genius of Hellerscharacterization is further enhanced as the audience sees itself in the hollowrationale of the deluded, and is aghast with horror, even in face of such humor. With this revelation, Heller compels the audience to follow the rebellious pathof Yossarian, or fall victim to the indoctrination of society, and meet the samefate as the deluded. As the audience is bombarded with insanely comedic ironiesof Catch-22, they are further aware of its horror. A primary example of irony isfound in Milo, when he is praised for bombing his own company when it is learnedthat he made a great deal of money. Again, this evokes a staunch laugh, and thenleaves the audience aghast with horror. Exaggeration makes this funny an eventsuch as this occurring, and then inciting such a reaction by those affected isalmost unfathomable but the ultimate truth provides the terror. Society trulydoes reward persons for profit, even if it results, as it often does, interrible distress. The further instances of ridiculously backward behaviorHungry Joes screaming, Havermeyers disregard for life, McWatts destructiveflying, Cathcarts list, etc. further provide the audience withhumor ous instances of exaggeration, whose ultimate truth proves to behorrifying. Hellers blend of hyperbole and truth create a horrifying, thoughcomedic, charge for his irony. Perhaps the most memorable attribute of Catch-22is its mind-boggling paradoxes, or, as they are more commonly referred to,catches. These paradoxes range from the harmlessly absurd, to the insanelycatastrophic. When Yossarian and his friends begin asking clever questions todisrupt boring educational sessions, Colonel Korn decides that only those whonever ask questions may ask questions. When they want to discuss a problem withMajor Major, they are allowed into his office only when he is out. Even whenYossarian is offered an apparently harmless deal that would allow him to go homeas a hero, there is a catch. He must betray his friends by praising the officerswho caused many of them to die. And as Heller shows, life is reduced to onefrustrating paradox after another. The most notable instance of the paradox isCatch-22 . The first solid reference is Doc Daneekas version, presented toYossarian on the matter of groundings. To be grounded, one must be insane, butone must also ask to be grounded. However, asking to be grounded shows thedesire for self-preservation, a sure sign of sanity. For, if one were trulyinsane, one would fly the missions voluntarily. Thus, no one is grounded. Thisis striking for its sophistry and circularity, and is certainly humorous, butits implications are equally grotesque more and more deaths. As the novelcontinues, the paradoxes remain equally humorous, but their implications evenmore gruesome. The Catch decays, moving into the civilian world with the Lucianamarriage conundrum. Later, it appears with official regulation stating thatones orders must be obeyed, even if they conflict with official regulation. .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .postImageUrl , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:hover , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:visited , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:active { border:0!important; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:active , .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66 .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc298cbcb96dfc41178dd1c4b18eaf66:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Freud And Dreams EssayFinally, the truth of Catch-22 is revealed in the MPs destructive and inhumanerendition, they can do whatever you cant stop them from doing. Ultimately,Catch-22 is the unwritten loophole that empowers authorities to revoke yourrights whenever it suits their cruel whims. It is, in short, the principle ofabsolute evil in a malevolent and incompetent world. As humorous as Catch-22 is(initially at least), the horror intertwined with it is strikingly evident. Likely the most important element of Catch-22 is its absurdity. Absurditypervades the novel, creating dually humor and terror. The absurd Lt., Col.,Gen., Sheishkopffs obsession with parades is quite droll. Again, however, theimplications are ghastly. Sheishkopff views his soldiers as puppets, wanting atone point to wire them together to create a perfectly precise machine. Thisreflects societys insane obsession with order and conformity, even at the costof individuality and humanity. A further example of such dehumanizing absurdityoccurs at the hospital. Yossarian has suffered a leg injury and is told to takebetter care of his leg because it is government property. Soldiers, therefore,are not even people, but simply property that can be listed on an inventory. Ina bureaucracy, as Heller shows, individuality does not matter. Maybe the mostabsurd character in the novel is Colonel Cathcart. He continually raises thenumber of missions for no other reason than personal prestige. Though hea chieves nothing by this, he continually persists. Cathcarts absurd drive forprestige is again emphasized in the Saturday Evening Post incident. He tries tocopy another squadrons prayer meetings, not for morale, but for the absurdthought that he will be featured in the Saturday Evening Post. Even his reasonfor not going forward is absurd; he refuses to accept the enlisted men prayingto the same God as the officers. Perhaps Cathcarts most ridiculously absurdaction is his List. Ultimately, his career is measured out inBlack Eyes and Feathers in His Cap rather than insuccess, morale, or human life. Cathcart remains one of the novels funniestcharacters, but his essential inhumanity and selfishness creates an equallycontemptible character. Cathcart presents another example of Hellers beautifulweaving of comedy and tragedy. Final examples of the horrifically humorousabsurdity of the novel are the death scenes. Clevinger is the first to make hisdeparture, flying into a cloud and never retur ning. The unreasonable logisticsof his demise are certain to garner laughs. Likewise, Kid Sampsons gruesomedeath at the blades of a propeller followed by McWatts suicide issadistically funny. The absurdity of Dunbar being disappeared cloaksits awful truth. Even life and death can be at the whim of the army bureaucracy,as demonstrated by Mudds life, and Daneekas death. Atthe outset these deaths are indeed comically absurd, but the basic horror of itis enough to make one nauseous. Absurdity represents one of Hellers mostskillful blends of comedy and tragedy in the entire novel. Though seeminglyirreconcilable genres, horror and tragedy are nimbly fused into a whole creationby Hellers unique style and structure. Heller creates situations where theaudience laughs, and then must look back in horror at what they were laughingat. Through brilliant characterizations, superb irony, mind-boggling paradoxes,and ingenious absurdity, Heller manages interlay humor and terror, comedy andtragedy int o a beautiful whole as Catch-22.

The Impact of Workplace Bullying

Introduction Bullying is one of the most common vices manifested in workplaces. Workplace Bullying Institute (WBI), explains it as a practice through which employees subject colleagues to patterns of psychological, physical, or collective behavior that compromise dignity, cause harm, or lead to various forms of threats (Wiedmer, 2010). Statistics indicate that 37% of the working population in the United States has been bullied at one point in their workplaces.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Workplace Bullying specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This behavior is prevalent among bosses who often look down on their juniors. Men constitute the highest number of bullies compared to women. Workplace bullies mainly target colleagues who pose potential threat to their careers due to their skills, work experience, and contributions towards the overall organizational success. Employers have an ethical responsib ility to ensure that they provide secure and inclusive work environments that allow employees to achieve maximum productivity (Wiedmer, 2010). This is attained through the development of effective policies and practices that govern employee behavior within the workplace. Workplace bullying has direct impact on victims and organizations. Impact of workplace bullying on victims and the organization The negative impacts of bullying in the workplace develop as a result of ignorance among employees regarding the vice, unreported cases, as well as the negligence of organizational leaders (Baack, 2011). Since there are various forms of workplace bullying, employees react differently whenever they are victimized. The most notable outcomes of workplace bullying include impaired decision making, low self esteem, depression, reduced quality of life, stress, low productivity, as well as suicide in extreme cases. Reduced quality of life is exprienced when victims of bullying succumb to pressure and ultimately quit their jobs. Loss of jobs results in loss of medical cover and inability to sustain their families (Wiedmer, 2010). Workplace bullying also impacts the organization heavily. Employers who fail to provide a secure workplace deal with various challenges related to unethical practices, such as bullying in their workforce. Some of the negative outcomes experienced by organizations include increased costs of operation due to compensation claims, high levels of absenteeism, low employee morale, bad publicity, and reduced performance (Baack, 2011). Others include reduced efficiency in service provision, as well as increased expenses from recruitment and selection of employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bullying in the workplace happens on a regular basis because people are involved in numerous activities that are not acceptable in the workplace. Culprits often resort to bullying in order to secure their interests and integrity, as well as to protect themselves (Lavan Martin, 2008). I work as a United States Marine and an administrator. I have experienced a number of bullying practices in my workplace. In certain cases, I was the victim. The first case of bullying occurred while working as an administrator with the United States Marine. My duties and responsibilities were very clear, and I worked diligently to ensure that everything was in place as expected (Wiedmer, 2010). However, a slight collision with one of my seniors resulted in the emergence of an unhealthy working relationship between us. My senior stamped his authority over me by overly increasing my administrative responsibilities and simultaneously reducing my influence, which was not in line with contractual terms and conditions. The second case of bullying that I have witnessed in my workplace involves the denial of rest for the employee by the senior management (Wied mer, 2010). All United States marine officers sign contracts that allow them to take a short leave, at least three times a year. The senior management has been using the excuse of too much workload to deny employees their contractual rights and privileges. This has greatly affected efficiency of service delivery, productivity, and organizational culture because employees lacked the morale to do their work. Working in the United States Marine is very demanding, thus there is a need to ensure that all employees enjoy their benefits to the maximum. Employers have a responsibility to ensure that their workplaces are free of vices such as bullying. It is important for organizational leaders to understand that achieving this feat requires a lot of attention with regard to time, resources, and creation of the right atmosphere for change (Lavan Martin, 2008). Organizational leaders can apply a number of techniques to eradicate workplace bullying. First, I would recommend that organizationa l leaders establish causes and factors that promote the practice, and establish how employees feel about the problem. This would aid in the eradication of factors that encourage propagation of the vice. Bullying can be eradicated through fostering effective communication.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Workplace Bullying specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Secondly, I would recommend the identification of available resources and solutions to the problem from within the organization. This would entail the creation of awareness among the employees regarding the importance of teamwork and mutual respect. In addition, it would involve propagation of a culture of working together in order to develop and approve policies for eliminating the vice (Lavan Martin, 2008). Conclusion Bullying is one of the barriers that hinder individual and organizational success within the workplace. The vice has a negative i mpact on victims, as well as employers. It is the responsibility of every employer to ensure that they provide their employees with a safe and inclusive work environment that motivates them to work and allows them freedom of expression. Organizational leaders must ensure that bullies within the workplace are not protected regardless of their status in the organization. References Baack, D. (2011). Management Communication. New York: John Wiley Sons. Lavan, H., Martin, W. (2008). Bullying in the U.S. Workplace: Normative and process-oriented ethical approaches. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 147-165. Wiedmer, T. (2010). Workplace bullying: costly and preventable. Delta Kappa Gamma  Bulletin, 77(2), 35-41. This essay on The Impact of Workplace Bullying was written and submitted by user Zayden Tyson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.